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Although the excavations in Hatta, Al Qusais and Jumeirah indicate that the area was inhabited 3000 years before Christ, there is no mention of Dubai as a city until 1833, when the Bu Flasa tribe, led by the Maktoum family, settled in the Surroundings of Dubai Creek, the natural estuary that extends more than 10 kilometers on earth.
The traditional way of life was based on raising livestock, collecting dates, fishing and collecting pearls.
The economy of Dubai began to take off in 1894 when Sheikh Saeed Al Maktoum boosted foreign trade thanks to the tax exemption. One of the main products that made Dubai known was the pearls.
Early 20th century
At the beginning of the last century, Dubai began to grow slowly. During the first years the population concentrated in Bur Dubai and in Deira but, later, they began to expand by the field.
Since its inception, Dubai was very much linked to trade, in 1908 there were already more than 350 specialized stores in Deira and 50 in Bur Dubai. The concentration of these and their evolution gave rise to the current souks.
On the religious and cultural level, the first mosques were built. At the beginning they also served as schools.
Second World War
The 40s were marked by World War II. The appearance of pearls grown in the market was added to the fact of the war itself. They were times of scarcity but Sheikh Saeed Al Maktoum managed to provide food for the 20,000 people already settled in Dubai. On these dates an agreement was signed with the British Government to search for oil.
In the 1950s, Dubai began to trade in gold and expanded Dubai Creek to keep its maritime trade growing.
The awakening: The era of oil
The 60s mark the awakening of Dubai. The hard work of the past decades begins to bear fruit with the discovery of oil.
By the end of the 1960s the city already had all the infrastructure to be able to grow freely: roads, bridges, electricity and water supply networks, a good telecommunications system and the airport had been built.
In 1969 Dubai began exporting oil and in that year it already had 59,000 inhabitants.
The 70s
The decade of the 70 in Dubai is marked by a large population growth. In 1977 the city already exceeded 200,000 inhabitants, the population had quadrupled in less than 10 years.
The high price of oil allowed Sheikh Saeed Al Maktoum to start planning what would be the Dubai we know today. By the end of the decade, the Jebel Ali port, the World Trade Center, the desalination plant, the Shindagha tunnel and the Garhoud bridge had been built.
In 1971, the United Arab Emirates was founded. Since then Dubai has gone hand in hand with Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm Al Quwain, Fujairah and, a year later, Ras Al Khaiman.
End of the 20th century
From the 80s Dubai flourished economically. The airport was expanded to provide shelter for the recent airline Emirates Airlines, sports and recreational complexes were built and tourism was thought of as a source of additional income. At this time, new gas and oil deposits were discovered in the Margham desert.
The 80s were also marked by an urban boom, many efforts were necessary to accommodate the large population that came to Dubai. In 1990 the city reached 550,000 inhabitants.
In 1990 Sheikh Rashid bin Saeed dies and his son inherits the position. His plans, even more ambitious than those of his father, have given rise to the city that we know today as Dubai.
Economy today
Thanks to the efforts of the government at the moment the economy of Dubai only depends 20% of the petroleum. Trade and services -including tourism- dominate their current economy.
The tax exemption has led many large companies to start thinking of Dubai as the site of their operations.
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